Albert Einstein
- Born:
- March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Germany
- Died:
- April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Nationality:
- German (1879–1896), Stateless (1896–1901), Swiss (1901–1955), German (1914–1918), American (1940–1955)
- Profession(s):
- Theoretical Physicist, Mathematician, Philosopher
Early Life and Education
- Einstein showed an early curiosity in mathematics and physics, teaching himself algebra and Euclidean geometry by age twelve.
- He renounced his German citizenship in 1896 to avoid military service.
- He attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich, graduating in 1900 with a degree in physics.
- Initially struggled to find academic employment after graduation.
Career and Major Achievements
- Worked at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern from 1902 to 1909.
- Published his groundbreaking papers in 1905, often referred to as his "annus mirabilis" (miracle year).
- Developed the theory of special relativity, revolutionizing our understanding of space, time, mass, and energy.
- Formulated the mass-energy equivalence equation, E=mc².
- Developed the theory of general relativity, which describes gravity as a curvature of spacetime.
- Received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
- Emigrated to the United States in 1933 to escape Nazi persecution, becoming a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.
- Wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939, warning of the potential for Nazi Germany to develop atomic weapons, which contributed to the initiation of the Manhattan Project.
Notable Works
- "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" (1905)
- "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" (1905)
- "Investigations on the Theory of the Brownian Movement" (1905)
- "Relativity: The Special and the General Theory" (1916)
Legacy and Impact
Albert Einstein's theories profoundly reshaped our understanding of the universe. His work paved the way for numerous technological advancements, including the development of atomic energy and lasers. He remains one of the most influential scientists of all time, and his name is synonymous with genius. The biography of Albert, including works such as the one requested by "yuka teshima biography of albert", is essential reading for understanding modern physics and its impact on society.